What method can farmers use to manage soil salinity effectively?

Improving irrigation management and installing drainage is the most effective method for managing soil salinity. Salinity in soil is often a result of poorly managed irrigation practices, which can lead to the accumulation of salts in the root zone. When water is applied in excess or when soil drainage is inadequate, it can cause waterlogging and increase the concentration of salts as water evaporates.

By implementing effective irrigation practices, farmers can minimize excess water application, ensuring that the soil type can retain moisture without causing salinity issues. Additionally, installing drainage systems allows for excess water to be removed from the field, reducing the risk of salt build-up. This helps maintain a healthier soil environment, ultimately supporting better crop yields and sustainability.

The other options do not address the core issue of salinity management effectively. Using only synthetic fertilizers can sometimes lead to increased soil salinity if those fertilizers contain high levels of salts. Reducing the frequency of crop rotation may aggravate salinity problems by not allowing for crops that can tolerate or mitigate salinity to be planted. Lastly, planting crops without regard to salinity levels can result in poor crop performance and yield, as many plants are sensitive to high salinity conditions.