Excess moisture in alfalfa can lead to which of the following issues?

Excess moisture in alfalfa primarily leads to issues such as root rot and other fungal infections, which can cause nutrient uptake problems, including a deficiency in essential nutrients like zinc. When soil conditions are overly saturated, the roots of the alfalfa plant can become stressed and more susceptible to diseases. This stress restricts the plant's ability to absorb minerals and nutrients properly from the soil, including zinc, which is crucial for various physiological processes.

Zinc deficiency can result in poor growth and development of the plants, leading to reduced yield and quality, as zinc plays an important role in enzyme function and photosynthesis. The relationship between moisture levels and nutrient availability is critical; thus, an excess of moisture can indeed foster an environment where deficiencies arise, particularly in nutrient uptake efficiency.